Page 38 - Surviving Chemistry BFF Homework Helper and Test Prep Preview

Ground state atoms have configurations that
show completely filled lowest available sublevels

lowest energy increasing energy------------>

Shows arrangement of electrons in the
energy levels and sublevels.

all lowest sublevels have

their maximum # of
Ground State for Na electrons.

Excited State for Na the 2p sublevel is
incomplete while 3s has
an extra electron

Shows distribution of electrons in the orbitals.

When placing electrons in orbitals:
No more than two electrons in an orbital
(c) E3 Scholastic Publishing
Each orbital in p, d, f..etc must have an

electron before pairing

Two electrons in an orbital must show
Ground state orbital
opposite spins (
notations and electron
Valence electrons are only the electrons in the
configurations for four
s and p sublevels of the highest level.
atoms are shown below.

H

1 e- 1s
1

He

2
2 e- 1s

N

3
2
2
7 e- 1s 2s 2p

S

4
2
2
2
16 e- 1s 2s 2p 6 3s 3p
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